Your horse’s skin is the first line of defense against the elements—and it can take quite a beating. From muddy paddocks to bug-infested summers, skin issues are all too common in the equine world. Understanding common horse skin conditions and how to treat them is crucial for keeping your horse healthy, comfortable, and performance-ready.
Here’s a breakdown of some of the most frequently seen skin issues in horses and how to handle them effectively:
Horse Rain Rot (Dermatophilosis)
What it is:
Horse rain rot is a bacterial skin infection triggered by prolonged exposure to moisture. It’s especially common during wet seasons or in horses that aren’t properly dried off after bathing or rain.
Symptoms:
- Raised, crusty scabs along the back, rump, or neck
- Hair loss beneath the scabs
- Mild discomfort when touched
Treatment:
- Gently remove scabs using a medicated shampoo or antibacterial scrub
- Keep the horse dry and groomed regularly
- Disinfect grooming tools and blankets
Prevention is key—keep your horse dry and well-ventilated to stop rain rot in its tracks.
Horse Sweet Itch (Culicoides Hypersensitivity)
What it is:
Horse sweet itch is an allergic reaction to the bites of midges (tiny flies). It causes intense itching and discomfort, often leading to hair loss and self-inflicted wounds.
Symptoms:
- Excessive rubbing and itching, especially at the tail and mane
- Bald patches, thickened skin, and open sores
- Seasonal flare-ups (spring through fall)
Treatment:
- Apply fly repellents and use fly sheets/masks
- Use anti-itch creams
- Stable your horse during peak midge hours (dawn and dusk)
Managing sweet itch involves both treatment and prevention—fly control is critical to keep this condition under control.
Horse Scratches (Pastern Dermatitis)
What it is:
Also known as mud fever, horse scratches is an inflammatory skin condition found on the lower legs, especially in areas exposed to wet, muddy, or unsanitary conditions.
Symptoms:
- Scabs, redness, and swelling on the pasterns or fetlocks
- Oozing or cracked skin
- Lameness in severe cases
Treatment:
- Gently clean and dry the affected area
- Apply an antiseptic or antibiotic ointment
- Keep the horse’s legs clean and dry—use leg wraps if needed
Prevention includes consistent grooming and avoiding prolonged exposure to mud or wet bedding.
Final Thoughts
No matter your discipline—whether you're a casual trail rider or managing a performance athlete—keeping your horse’s skin healthy should be part of your regular care routine. Early detection, proper grooming, and proactive treatment can make a world of difference.
Stay ahead of horse skin conditions like rain rot, sweet itch, by incorporating proper hygiene, pest control, and preventative products into your stable routine.
Need help choosing the right skin care solutions for your horse? Reach out to us or check out our recommended products for equine skin health. Because a happy horse starts with healthy skin.